"The prevalence of anaphylactoid reactions is not affected by the rate of injection."
Ionic Versus Nonionic Contrast Media: A Prospective Study of the Effect of Rapid bolus Injection on Nausea and Anaphylactoid Reactions.
Does faster injection rates result in higher extravasation rates?
- Potential factors
- Contrast injection rate (cc/sec)
- Contrast volume (cc)
- Contrast type (Omnipaque vs Visipaque)
- Gauge of needle (18 vs 20 vs 24)
- Type of needle (fenestrated or not)
"Automated IV contrast injection applying high flow rates (i.e., up to 8 mL/s) is performed without increased risk of extravasation. The overall extravasation rate was 1.2% and showed no correlation with iodine concentration, flow rates, or contrast material reactions. Performing high flow rates with low-diameter IV catheters (e.g., 22-gauge catheters) and a location of IV catheter in the hand is associated with a higher extravasation rate."
Prospective study of access site complications of automated contrast injection with peripheral venous access in MDCT.
Wienbeck S et al.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010 Oct;195(4):825-9
"Performing high flow rates with low-diameter IV catheters (e.g., 22-gauge catheters) and a location of IV catheter in the hand is associated with a higher extravasation rate."
Prospective study of access site complications of automated contrast injection with peripheral venous access in MDCT.
Wienbeck S et al.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010 Oct;195(4):825-9
"The extravasation rate was highest with 22-gauge IV catheters (2.2%; p < 0.05) independently of the anatomic location. For 20-gauge IV catheters, extravasation rates were significantly higher in the dorsum of the hand than in the antecubital fossa (1.8% vs 0.8%; p = 0.018). Extravasation rates were higher in older patients (³ 50 vs < 50 years, 0.6% vs 1.4%; p = 0.019)."
Prospective study of access site complications of automated contrast injection with peripheral venous access in MDCT.
Wienbeck S et al.
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010 Oct;195(4):825-9
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